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President of India appoints Prime Minister of India and on his advice, the Council of Ministers.   President of India makes rules for the more convenient transaction of business of the Government and allocates among ministries for such business.   President of India must be informed of all decisions of Council of Ministers.   No bill can become an Act, without the President’s signature. Except money Bills, he can return other Bills for reconsideration of the Parliament.   When two Houses do not agree on the provisions of a Bill, he may summon them to a joint sitting. When the Parliament is not in Session, he may promulgate Ordinances. When the security of India is threatened, he can proclaim emergency. He can also promulgate the President’s rule in States as also the Financial Emergency. President of India appoints judges of Supreme Court and High Courts, Chief Election Commissioner, Comptroller and Auditor General, members of Union Public S...

President of India :- Ø   The Union Executive consists of the President of India, the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. According to the Article 53, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President of India. He exercises such power either directly or through officers subordinate to him. Ø   The President shall be elected by the members of an electoral college. The Electoral College consists of elected members of both the Houses of Parliament and the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States and there shall be uniformity in the scale of representation of the different States at the election of President. Ø   The election of President is held in accordance with proportional representation by single transferable secret ballot system. Ø   The President holds office for 5 years from the date he enters into office and he can be re-elected. A person to be eligible for President’s election should be citizen of India and must have comp...

Los Angeles: Muhammad Ali...who died on 3-6-2016, Friday in Arizona at age 74..was one of the iconic sporting heroes of the 20 th century, the three –time heavyweight champion of the world. Ali who came of age amid the turmoil of the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War, dazzled the boxing world as a youngster with his speed, never before seen in his weight class. He also ratted the established order with an equally quick wit and colourful personality that lifted him into the realm of super-stardom and ushered in age of globally televised multi-million-dollar fights. The legendary fighter spent his last years ravaged by Parkinson’s disease but never but never returned from public view. Instead he added a crusade against the illness to the list of battles his extraordinary life. The rise of Ali...born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. in Louisville, Kentucky on January 17, 1942...to the status of sports icon was not a smooth one. His conversion to Islam in 1964...

It is included Article 51A. This provision was introduced by the 42 nd amendment of constitution in the 1976 by inserting Part IV A in the Constitution. Article 51 A (a): to abide by the constitution and, respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem. Article 51 A (b): to cherish (appreciate) and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national move violently for freedom. Article 51 A (c): to uphold and protect the power, unity and integrity of India. Article 51 A (d): to defend the country and render national services when called upon to do so. Article 51 A (e): to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women Article 51 A (f): to value and protect the rich heritage of our composite culture. Article 51 A (g): to protect and improve the natur...

RIGHT TO FREEDM (ARTICLE 19-22): 1. Protection of certain rights (article 19):- guarantees freedom of speech and expression, freedom to assemble peacefully without arms, right to form associations or unions, to move throughout the territory of India, to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India, to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business. One of the rights to acquire, hold & dispose of property has been done away with by the 44 th amendment. 2. Protection in respect of conviction (article 20):- article 20(1) provides that no person shall be convicted for any offence except the violation of a law in force, article 20(2) no person shall be punished for the same offence more than once, article 20(3) no person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself. 3. Protection of life and personal liberty (article 21):- article 21 guarantees that no person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty exc...

Gujarat chief minister Anandiben Patel on Monday (dt 9-5-2016) said that the new inclusive Agricultural business policy-2016 Krishi Mhotsav :-  On 12 th edition of the state-wide Krishi Mahotsav from Anand and realising the new Krishi Business Policy-2016, the CM attributed the almost threefold in rise, wheat, banana and rai from 900 to 2,700 kg/ha in the Gujarat state due to efforts taken during the Krishi Mahotsav. Incentives for agro-processing units:- ð Agro processing and storage centre (25% or up to Rs. 2.5 cr.) ð Up to 70% VAT reimbursement on food-processing units ð Integrated cold storage, food irradiation processing plant, pack house etc (25 percent of the project cost up to 5 cr.) ð Food processing MSMEs (25% of the project  cost or up to 50 lakh) ð Quality  testing assistance to Rs. 5 lakh ð For New dairy and oil mils in MSME category (7% interest subsidy or up to rs. 5 cr.) ð 1% additional interest subsidy for SC/ST farmers or...

Constitution law:- The constitution of India is possibly the most comprehensive of all constitution. It contains 395 original Articles that are divided into 22 parts and has 12 schedules.  Articles 5,6,7,8,9,60,324,366,367,379,380,388,391,392,393,and 394 came into strength on 26 November, 1949 and other Articles came into strength from 26 January,1950. The Preamble:- The preamble embodies (represent) the ideals which the founding fathers of the Constitution desired to achieve by the citizen, in their best interest. The preamble spells out its sources of authority, i.e, “People of India”. It also express the social and political philosophy (thinking) of the country and contains the nation’s concept of social justice in its widest promptings (timely).   Citizenship:- A citizen of a given state is one who enjoy full membership of the political community of the state. Aliens, unlike citizens, do not enjoy all the fundamental rights secured to the citizens....

Here this articles has two limbs:- one is equality before law and second is equal protection of law. The first limbs i.e. equality before law is of English origin and it is a negative concept which implies the absence of special privilege in favour of any individual and the equal subjection of all classes to law. There are only certain exceptions to this rule as per the constitution. The second limbs, which provides for equal protection of law has been taken from the American constitution. It is positive concept and implies that the equal should be treated alike. Right to equality includes:- Equality before law (Article 14): here, guarantees to all, equality before law and equal protection of laws. The President and the Governor are an exception to the equality mandate. Prohibition of discrimination (Article 15): Prohibits discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religions, race, cast, sex or place of birth or any of them. Equality of opportunity (...