RIGHT TO EQUALITY (ARTICLES 14-18)

Here this articles has two limbs:- one is equality before law and second is equal protection of law.

The first limbs i.e. equality before law is of English origin and it is a negative concept which implies the absence of special privilege in favour of any individual and the equal subjection of all classes to law. There are only certain exceptions to this rule as per the constitution.

The second limbs, which provides for equal protection of law has been taken from the American constitution. It is positive concept and implies that the equal should be treated alike.

Right to equality includes:-

Equality before law (Article 14): here, guarantees to all, equality before law and equal protection of laws. The President and the Governor are an exception to the equality mandate.

Prohibition of discrimination (Article 15): Prohibits discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religions, race, cast, sex or place of birth or any of them.

Equality of opportunity (Article 16): Provides for equality of opportunity in the matters of public employment.

Right against untouchability (Article 17): abolishes untouchability.

Abolition of titles (Article 18): Abolishes title. But does not prevent other institutions of confer titles.